On the one hand, lamenting the decline of traditional media is justified. Singapore’s SPH Media Trust newspapers ( The Straits Times , Lianhe Zaobao ) and Mediacorp news have historically played a role in nation-building, providing depoliticised, fact-checked information. Their shrinking circulation – despite digital subscriptions – means fewer Singaporeans encounter rigorously edited journalism. The loss of a common news source fragments public discourse, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic when official press releases competed with Telegram gossip.
In paragraph 3, Banatvala presents four explanations for history. The second explanation —which questions if the course of world events is determined by human choices—is the one that supports the idea of humans possessing free will. 2008 a level gp paper 2 answers new
The primary question in this paper often asks candidates to distinguish between "history" and "what historians study". On the one hand, lamenting the decline of
Many students discuss how Singapore uses history (e.g., National Education) to build a national identity or "order" from the "haphazard" events of the 1960s. The loss of a common news source fragments
However, I cannot fully agree with the author’s pessimistic conclusion that we have lost our "souls." In recent years, there has been a conscious effort in Singapore to reclaim our heritage. The government has introduced "mandatory National Education" and heritage boards have been more active in gazetting buildings. Furthermore, there is a growing civil society movement where young Singaporeans advocate for the preservation of spaces like Bukit Brown Cemetery. This suggests that while the threat of materialism is real, the society is not passive; we are actively negotiating the balance between progress and preservation.
A set of answers, as provided above, does three things differently:
Today, this “long tail” includes Substack newsletters, Discord communities, and Twitch streams – all of which did not exist in 2008.