The first Malayalam film, "Balan," was released in 1938, marking the beginning of the state's cinematic journey. The film was a social drama that explored themes of love, family, and social hierarchy. In the early days, Malayalam cinema was heavily influenced by the country's colonial past and the cultural traditions of Kerala. The films were often based on literary works, folklore, and mythology, showcasing the state's rich cultural heritage.

Director Blessy’s Thanmathra (2005) and Pranayam (2011) explored the emotional interiority of the upper-caste Hindu and Christian gentry. However, the industry has not been a perfect mirror. Early cinema often romanticized the upper-caste/upper-class milieu while stereotyping the Dalit and Adivasi (tribal) communities as either drunkards or comic relief.