Active, though many newer devices have "secure by default" settings
Search engines index the web by following links. If a security camera’s web interface was accessible from the public internet (not behind a firewall or VPN) and had no robots.txt file instructing search engines to stay out, Google’s bots would happily crawl it. The URLs containing viewerframe and mode=motion would be added to Google’s index, making them searchable by anyone. inurl viewerframe mode motion
Investigators sometimes use open-source intelligence (OSINT) techniques, including Google Dorks, to locate a suspect’s property or gather evidence. For example, if a suspected stolen vehicle appears in the background of a publicly accessible webcam feed, that could be actionable intelligence. Active, though many newer devices have "secure by