: Input/output, variables, and string manipulation. Decision Making : Using if statements and Boolean logic.
: Purchase options include Amazon , Target , and Walmart.
The best PDFs don't just give you the code; they show you the stack and the heap . They force you to draw variables. For example, a problem might ask: "If x = 5 and y = x , then x = 10 , what is y ?" If you cannot hold that state in your head, you cannot debug. A good problem-solving PDF will train this without you realizing it.
: Designing solutions using exhaustive search.
