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Statcast Glossary

Batting

Exit Velocity (EV)

How fast, in miles per hour, a ball was hit by a batter.

Launch Angle (LA)

How high/low, in degrees, a ball was hit by a batter.

A batted ball with the perfect combination of exit velocity and launch angle

Statcast defines a 'hard-hit ball' as one hit with an exit velocity of 95 mph or higher.

Launch Angle Sweet-Spot

A batted-ball event with a launch angle between eight and 32 degrees.

Batted Ball Event (BBE)

A Batted Ball Event represents any batted ball that produces a result.

Expected Batting Average (xBA)

xBA measures the likelihood that a batted ball will become a hit.

Expected Weighted On-base Average (xwOBA)

xwOBA is formulated using exit velocity, launch angle and, on certain types of batted balls, Sprint Speed.

For a batter, EV50 is an average of the hardest 50% of his batted balls. For a pitcher it is the average of his softest 50% of batted balls allowed.

Adjusted EV averages the maximum of 88 and the actual exit velocity of each batted ball event.

Bat Tracking

Bat speed is measured at the sweet-spot of the bat. Average bat speed is the average of the top 90% of a player’s swings.

Fast Swing Rate

A fast swing is one that has 75 MPH or more of bat speed.

The total (sum) distance in feet traveled of the head of the bat in X/Y/Z space, from start of tracking data until impact point.

The vertical angle at which the sweet spot of the bat is traveling at the point of impact with the ball.

Ideal Attack Angle

A ball is hit at an "Ideal Attack Angle," per Statcast, when it is hit with a 5-20° Attack Angle.

Attack Direction

The horizontal angle at which the sweet spot of the bat is traveling at the point of impact with the ball, expressed as an angle to the "PULL" or "OPPO" direction.

Swing Path Tilt

The vertical angle of the arc traced by the swing path over the 40 ms prior to contact. A higher tilt indicates a "steeper" swing, while a lower tilt indicates a "flatter" swing.

Squared-Up Rate

How much exit velocity was obtained compared to the maximum possible exit velocity available, given the speed of the swing and pitch.

A more valuable subset of squared-up balls, defining batted balls that were both squared-up and with a fast swing.

A bat tracking metric that quantifies when a pitcher forces a batter to take a non-competitive, ugly-looking swing.

Pitching

How hard, in miles per hour, a pitch is thrown.

The movement of a pitch is defined in inches, both in raw numbers and as a measurement against average.

Statcast refers to the spin that contributes to movement as Active Spin.

How much spin, in revolutions per minute, a pitch was thrown with.

How far off the mound, in feet, a pitcher releases the pitch.

Expected Earned Run Avg (xERA)

xERA is a simple 1:1 translation of xwOBA, converted to the ERA scale.

Fielding / Catching

How quickly, in seconds, a catcher can get the ball out of his glove and to the base on a stolen base or pickoff attempt.

How hard, in miles per hour, a fielder throws the ball.

How far, in feet, a runner is ranging off the bag at the time of a pitcher's first movement or pitch release.

Jump is a Statcast metric that shows which players have the fastest reactions and most direct routes in the outfield.

Outs Above Average (OAA)

A range-based metric of skill that shows how many outs a player has saved over his peers.

Fielding Run Value

Statcast's overall metric for capturing a player’s measurable defensive performance onto a run-based scale, converting various metrics like OAA, blocking, framing, etc.

Catch Probability

The likelihood, in percent, that an outfielder will be able to make a catch on an individual batted ball.

Blocks Above Average

A Statcast metric designed to express the demonstrated skill of catchers at preventing wild pitches or passed balls compared to their peers.

Running

A measurement of a player's top running speed, expressed in "feet per second in a player's fastest one-second window."

A Bolt is any run where the Sprint Speed (defined as "feet per second in a player's fastest one-second window") of the runner is at least 30 ft/sec.

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